Heredity
Welcome to our exploration of heredity, where we dive deep into the fascinating world of genetics and inheritance! In this blog, we’ll break down complex questions and provide clear, concise answers to help Class 10 students master the subject. From Mendelian principles to modern genetic understanding, we’ll unravel the mysteries of how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Join us as we tackle questions, solve problems, and build a solid foundation in heredity!
Watch video of cell division
Short Questions
1. Draw a neat diagram showing mitosis cell division and labell the main parts.
2. Define gamete and somatic cell.
Ans:
Gametes are specialized reproductive cells that are involved in sexual reproduction. They are haploid, meaning they contain only one set of chromosomes (half the number of chromosomes found in somatic cells).
Somatic cells are any cells in the body that are not gametes. They are diploid, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Somatic cells make up most of the tissues and organs in a body, such as skin, muscles, and nerves.
3. Write two significance of mitosis cell division.
Ans: The two significance of mitosis cell division are
i. Genetic Stability
ii. Growth and Development
4. Define mitosis and meiosis cell division.
Ans: Click for answer
5. Draw a figure showing meiosis cell division and labell the main parts.
6. Write any two difference between the cell division shown in the given figure.
Ans: Figure (a) show mitosis cell division and (b) show meiosis cell division.
The difference between Mitosis and Meiosis cell division are
7. Write any two importance of meiosis cell division.
Ans: The two importance of meiosis cell division are
i. Genetic Diversity
ii. Reduction of Chromosome Number
8. Draw a figure showing the structure of DNA
9. Write two difference between DNA and RNA.
Ans: The two difference between DNA and RNA are:
DNA is double helix and made of Deoxyribo sugar where as RNA is single helix made of ribose sugar.
10. Sexual reproduction is not possible in the absence of meiosis cell division. Justify this statement with any two reasons.
And: Sexual reproduction is not possible in the absence of meiosis cell division because of following reasons:
a. Chromosome Number: Meiosis halves the chromosome number, ensuring the right amount when sperm and egg join.
b. Genetic Diversity: Meiosis mixes genes, creating variety and helping species adapt.
11. Draw a chart showing the sex determination in human beings.
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12. Describe the role of mitosis cell division for physical development of body.
Ans: Mitosis is like the body's way of making new cells to help you grow and heal. It takes one cell and splits it into two identical cells. This process helps you grow taller, repair cuts, and keep your body healthy by replacing old or damaged cells.
माइटोसिस भनेको शरीरले नयाँ कोषहरू बनाउन प्रयोग गर्ने प्रक्रिया हो जसले तपाईंलाई बढ्न र निको हुन मद्दत गर्छ। यो प्रक्रियामा एउटा कोष विभाजित भएर दुईवटा उस्तै कोषहरू बन्छ। यसले तपाईंलाई अग्लो बन्न, चोटपटक निको पार्न, र पुराना वा क्षतिग्रस्त कोषहरूलाई प्रतिस्थापन गरेर तपाईंको शरीरलाई स्वस्थ राख्न मद्दत गर्छ।
13. The male has a great role in sex determination. Justify this statement.
Ans: The male determines the sex of a baby because his sperm can carry either an X or a Y chromosome. The female egg always has an X chromosome. If the sperm with an X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the baby will be a girl (XX). If the sperm with a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the baby will be a boy (XY). So, the male's contribution decides whether the baby is a boy or a girl
14. Write any two advantage of IVF.
Ans: Two advantage of IVF are
i. Helps with Pregnancy: IVF makes it possible for couples who can’t have a baby naturally to get pregnant.
ii. Checks for Healthy Embryos: IVF can test embryos for genetic problems before they are placed in the womb, helping to ensure a healthier baby.
15. Write two difference between liger and tigon.
Ans: The two difference between liger and tigon are
Liger reproduce by cross breeding between male lion and female Tiger and they are bigger than their parent where as
Tigon reproduce by cross breeding between male tiger and female lion and smaller than their parent.
16. What is meant by inbreeding? Write with one example.
Ans: Inbreeding is the reproduction between closely related individuals, leading to offspring that have a higher chance of inheriting identical genetic traits from both parents. Example Domestic cat.
17. Prepare a chart that represents Mendel's law of dominance.
18. Write four reason for choosing pea plants by Mendel for his experiment.
Ans: The four reason for choosing pea plants by Mendel for his experiment are:
i. Pea plants are bisexual and closed .
ii. Easy to grow.
iii. Life cycle of pea plants are short.
iv. Controlled reproduction
19. What is meant by genetics technology? Write in brief.
Ans: Genetics technology involves tools and methods used to study and manipulate genes. It includes techniques like DNA sequencing to read genetic information, gene editing to alter genes, and genetic testing to diagnose or predict diseases. Essentially, it's about understanding and changing the blueprint of life at the molecular level.
20. Write any two advantage of selective breeding.
Ans: The two advantage of selective breeding are
i. It improves disease resistance capacity in livestock and crops
ii. It increases the production efficiency of crops and animals.
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